How Much Does It Cost to Study for and Take the Bar Exam

Taking the bar exam costs a lot of money. There are fees for the exam itself, fees to file for a license, and more fees to maintain your standing as a lawyer. Whether youre still in law school or have already graduated, its important to know how much money youll need to spend in order to become a licensed attorney. Preparing for the Bar Your law school tuition and fees were just the beginning. Many experts recommend weeks of study and review prior to taking the bar exam. Test-prep companies like Kaplan offer both in-class and online study options, but theyre not cheap. Kaplan, for example, charges anywhere from $1,800 to $2,400 or more for its services. ​ Barbri, another testing organization, changes about $2,800. Bar-review apps BarMax are less expensive, but can still cost $1,000 to study for the exam in California.  Textbooks, tutoring sessions,  flashcards, and other review materials can add hundreds, if not thousands, more to the bottom line. Sitting for the Exam It is not cheap to sit for the bar exam. Fees for first-timers vary widely from state to state, from less than $200 in Washington D.C. and North Dakota to as much as $1,450 in Illinois, as of March 2018. In addition, about a dozen states, including California and Texas, impose filing fees that can range from $50 to $250. If you plan to use a laptop to take the bar exam, something many experts recommend, nearly all states tack on an additional fee, usually about $100. If you fail to pass the bar exam, youll need to retake it, meaning youll have to pay another round of fees that are typically as expensive as it is for first-time test takers. In addition, a handful of states (California, Georgia, Maine, Maryland, and Rhode Island) tack on additional exam fees that range from $350 to $1,500. Many states offer reciprocity, meaning that lawyers licensed in one state can practice in another state. However, this doesnt apply nationwide. If youre a lawyer licensed in New York, youll need to take the bar exam in California if you want to practice there, too. Fees for attorneys taking the bar exam are similar to those for first-time students. The National Conference of Bar Examiners (NCBE) offers a comprehensive list of fees for all 50 states and U.S. territories on their website. In addition, most jurisdictions also require you to take the MPRE, which has its own costs as well. So be sure to research the cost to sit for the bar exam in your jurisdiction. Doing so will help you plan ahead and feel confident in financial planning for this experience. Filing Fees You may also have to pay filing fees to your state bar in addition to the costs to take the test. For example, California imposes a moral character application, similar to a criminal background check, that lawyers must renew every three years. The cost as of 2018 is $640. Other states such as Georgia and Illinois also impose similar fees of several hundred dollars. Other states increase the fee amount depending on how far ahead of the filing deadline you register. The NCBE website details many of these fees as well. Other Expenses Lastly, don’t forget what is it going to cost to live and to study for the bar exam. If you are not working while studying, you may have to take out additional loans (sometimes called a bar loan) to help pay for your living expenses. Even after youve passed the bar and been licensed, many states require practicing lawyers to take annual Continuing Legal Education (CLE) courses to stay current. Fees vary widely for these tests.

Taking a Look at the Romantic Movement - 929 Words

The Romantic Movement was one of the shortest periods in British literary history, starting in 1785 and ending in 1832, but it was also one of the most complex and diverse of literary times due to social and cultural changes that were taking place. Many political events provided the framework for this era, such as the major reform of the British Parliament, America declaring their independence from Great Britain, and the democratic revolution in France (Greenblatt 1412). Although politics played a large role in shaping the Romantic Era, it was also largely about â€Å"the recovery from obscurity of the medieval romances, previously ignored by literary historians more concerned with classical influences† (Greenblatt 1412). Romantics wrote stories of imagination, love, chivalry, nature, and adventure. A couple poets who greatly influenced this literary movement were William Blake and Samuel Taylor Coleridge. Blake and Coleridge’s ideas and writing techniques were differen t from one another, but both rejected the neoclassical style before them; they were advocates of a new writing style in which they wrote about their similar political views, love of nature, and mythological tales. Both romantics used nature in many of their works, but they each viewed it in contrasting ways and used it differently throughout their writing. Blake loved nature, but he thought of it only as a helper to the imagination. He believed nature was meaningless without the imagination to humanize it. Most ofShow MoreRelatedOn How the Artists of the Romantic Period Chose to React against the Approaches and Philosophy Established during the Age of Elightment 1185 Words   |  5 Pagesthis assignment we will be taking a look at how artists during the Romantic period, that took place around the 18th and 19th centuries, choose to react against the approaches and philosophy established by artist during the age of Enlightenment. We will take a look at a few obviously Romantic artworks to help us better our understanding of this fascinating movement. To understand how Romanticism has rejected, or reacted to, the Enlightenment, we first need to take a look at what artists believed duringRead MoreAs the 19th century rolled into the 20th , WWI was imminent and life was changing. The romantic900 Words   |  4 PagesAs the 19th century rolled into the 20th , WWI was imminent and life was changing. The romantic era had flourished and passed, impressionistic music was well into its lifespan, but arising from amid the rubble of the romantic era was the Verismo movement! Verismo was a movement or new school of thought embodied in the operas of composers like Pietro Mascagni, Ruggero Leoncavallo, Umberto Giordani, Giacomo Puccini. Verismo is virtually synonymous with ‘realism.’ It was an attempt made by composersRead MoreAmerican Romanticism As Portrayed By Walt Whitman s Song Of Myself979 Words   |  4 PagesRomanticism era. As an Abolitionist Romance Narrative, Frederick Douglass’s Narrative consists of a journey from repression to transcendence. The Romantic elements in his Narrative, created the highest possible effect for abolitionism by not only being highly realistic but, also romantic in nature. Prior to the Narrative, was the abolitionist movement in which the unique role of African Americans allowed for moral superiority, as the audience could voice one of authority, moral understanding, andRead MoreThe Importance Of The Romantic Period And Feeling Melancholy1486 Words   |  6 Pages The Importance of the Romantic Period and Feeling Melancholy Romanticism; it s definitely a term that resembles some sort of soft, rose-tinted obscurity to its mysterious meaning. According to the online version of the Merriam-Webster dictionary, romanticism can be defined as a movement â€Å"characterized chiefly by a reaction against neoclassicism and an emphasis on the imagination and emotions†¦ an exaltation of the primitive and the common man, an appreciation of externalRead MoreExample Of Romantic Comedy725 Words   |  3 PagesDanielle Herrin Section 7 Romantic Comedy Romantic Comedy has been around for many generations enticing the public with ideas of love and romance in a humorous way. According to Dictionary.com Romantic Comedy is defined as, â€Å"a movie or play that deals with love in a light, humorous way.† For all romantic comedies to make this happen, they follow three simple rules. Boy meets girl, boy loses girl, boy gets girl back. As Brian Finnigan from The Five Golden Rules of Romantic Comedy says, â€Å"Different butRead MoreBy the end of the eighteenth century, thought gradually moved towards a new trend called1200 Words   |  5 Pagesthe Western world. The romantics overthrew the philosophical ways of thinking during the Enlightenment, they felt that reason and rationality were too harsh and instead focused on the imagination. Romantics believed in freedom and spontaneous creativity rather than order and imitation, they believed people should think for themselves instead of being bound to the fixed set of beliefs of the Enlightenment. Romanticism and Love Of all the emotions celebrated by the Romantics the most popular was loveRead MoreThe Minister s Black Veil1391 Words   |  6 PagesAmerican Romanticism was a literary and artistic movement that placed emphasis on strong emotions. Emotions intensified most were ones such as horror and terror, as well as awe. In, â€Å"The Minister’s Black Veil,† by Nathaniel Hawthorne, the emotions of horror, terror, and awe are drawn upon throughout the story, which follows the events and reactions of the citizens of a village after their resident minister suddenly starts to wear a black veil, which invokes discomfort and fear into the people. AsRead MoreThe Romantic And Classic Ages Of European Music1015 Words   |  5 Pagesoutside world; all the same, musicians of considerable significance have been both consciously and subconsciously molded by the environment in which they reside and as such they may interpret and bring the world to life in the language of music. 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A scholar Free Essays

The definition of what scholar actually means Is a specialist In a particular branch of study, especially the humanities; a distinguished academic. A scholar Is a person who is highly educated or has an aptitude for study. To me my sister Is a scholar she Is a person who achieved what she had to do In life. We will write a custom essay sample on A scholar or any similar topic only for you Order Now My sister was the first to go on to college In the family had a four point six all through high school, was a basketball manager, played volleyball, and ran track. During her time In high school In college I tried to follow In her footsteps. My sister Is an minded Intellectual who doesn’t put off things and does what she supposed to do. My sister Is very dedicated to learning and continuous to teach me today. My sister went to Miami university in oxford Ohio. She took her meager in sociology and minor in managing and dancing. When she was in college she always pushed her self all through college. My sister was not a procrastinator in college. The definition of a procrastinator is the action of delaying or postponing something. This is something my sister didn’t do during her time of learning. Right now she out of college and is attending grad school to continue learning. Every year somebody throws a big New Year’s party and you can bring whomever you want. I never bring anybody only because my family is crazy once they start drinking. Before they start drinking though my family and I eat at home while everyone else eats at the party. Sometimes before we go my mom fixes a Behindhand meal and it is the best. To me it is even better than the restaurant. She fixes it perfect Just the way I like with fried, rice, zucchini, shrimp, and she add the special type that Just makes taste even better. Then’ we go to cousins house were the party is. This is where all the alcohol is at and where the most fun is. When walk around you see every one with big champagne glass and you see the guys with Just the champagne bottles they don’t care about a cup or glass. Most of the teenagers have red cups and they get wine and sometimes champagne. The kids get small white plastic cups usually filled with apple Juice or grape juice. I usually don’t even care for the wine and champagne. I Just want some sparkling cider; I could drink that every day. Then we gather everybody all around We all go home fall asleep. New Year’s will always be my favorite holiday. There Is no other holiday I would trade for this one. Who would not want to see drunken people. A scholar By Edward What is a scholar? The definition of what scholar actually means is a specialist in a scholar is a person who is highly educated or has an aptitude for study. To me my sister is a scholar she is a person who achieved what she had to do in life. My sister was the first to go on to college in the family had a four point six all through high school, was a basketball manager, played volleyball, and ran track. During her time in gig school in college I tried to follow in her footsteps. My sister is an minded intellectual who doesn’t put off things and does what she supposed to do. My sister is Miami University in oxford Ohio. She took her meager in sociology and minor in my sister didn’t do during her time of learning. Right now she out of college and is The kids get small white plastic cups usually filled with apple Juice or grape Juice. I usually don’t even care for the wine and champagne. I Just want some sparkling home fall asleep. New Year’s will always be my favorite holiday. There is no other How to cite A scholar, Papers

Analyze The Competitive Analysis Over Singapore Airlines †Samples

Question: Discuss about the Analyze The Competitive Analysis Over Singapore Airlines. Answer: Introduction: This report has been prepared to analyze the competitive analysis over Singapore Airlines. For conducting the competitive analysis over the organization, PESTLE analysis has been conducted. This report briefs the user about the competitive factors of a company. Further, in this report company description has been given initially, further, porters 5 forces model has been described. Additionally, porters 5 forces model depicts the user about the Singapore airlines competitive factors. The main goal of this report is to assess the business situation, resources held by the firm and the competitive issues faced by the company in international market. The tools and techniques used to commence these investigations is PESTLE analysis. Company overview: Singapore Airlines has been chosen to analyze the Porters 5 forces model. It is one of the nationwide Singapores carriers that have a global presence and a centre on the Australasian and Asian markets. It has been founded in 1972; the Airline has developed its position in last 4 decades to become the largest airlines worldwide. Currently this is one of the successful airlines, with a generous and comparatively young convoy of planes. According to the mission statement of company, "Singapore Airlines is an international company which is dedicated to offer air transportation services with a good quality to enhance the returns for shareholders and employees benefits (Air transport world, 2017). Porters 5 forces model on Singapore Airlines: Porters Five Forces analysis Michael Porter has recognized five factors that could impact over the performance of a company within the boundaries of market: new entrants threat to the market; substitute products or services threat; suppliers bargaining power; buyers bargaining power and rivalry intensity in the market (Beria, Niemeier Frhlich, 2011). It is general for the investigators to analyze the above factors for predicting the likely achievement of a firm in a market (Markides, Sosa, 2013). These factors have been applied to the Singapore airline as follows: The threat of new entrants: This aspect of the Five Forces describes to the level to which new rivalry could be contained within the business. In terms of the airline business of long-haul passenger which dominates in Singapore Airlines marketplace activity currently, the new entrants threat is also feeble. Long haul air journey is a quite inundated industry with only one or two national hauliers which are representing each financial system; most of them get some backing from the government of the state. This depict that generally traffic growth comes from growth of a carrier of a state rather than the entry of new rivals to the market. Confirmation of the diffusion of extended haul airline traveller industry could be seen in the overcrowding of the airports and skies, mainly large regional centres and there is impulsion from governing and regulatory bodies as well as travellers to decrease the current obstruction levels (Fu Oum, 2014). In this case, there is great cost of capital and long guide times to get b ack investment in this industry which gives details to the high breakdown rates of numerous emerging airlines. Regardless of the feeble threat of new contestants to the full, extended-haul airline traveller sector, the short-haul industry has observed the entrance of numerous new entrants in last few years. For instance in Asian markets of Southeast side in which Singapore Airlines is operating Jet Star and Air Asia (Heracleous, Wirtz Pangarkar, 2006). The intensity of rivalry Porter has conceptualised competition inside an industry as existing on a scale from low to high. It has been argued that where competition is intense, operations must constantly scan the marketplace for alterations in the demands and needs of customers and reverts them accordingly. A powerful rivalry is there within the Singapores airline industry, but it takes place on a route-by-route basis. Where routes of the airlines are well serviced by numerous different airlines, rivalry could be more powerful. For capturing the market share on these routes, airlines should accept price-cutting policies or make sure that the service quantity is quite high. Such as, Cook et al (2012) have noticed that on a very well-serviced route, punctuality lack could have damaging effects on hauliers. Consequently, many routes are still remaining that has been monopolised by very less carriers. Such as the Kangaroo Route, containing relations between Australia, New Zealand and Southeast Asia is an outstan ding example. Since there are only few carriers which are operating in this route, rivalry tends not to be as violent. The Singapore Airlines exceptional performance in last few years has been appreciable to the Kangaroo Route capture (Lim Lee, 2012). The threat of substitute services: This factor of the Five Forces model refers to the level in which the service or product offered by an industry could be replaced through other service which is similar in nature. It has been argued that businesses which were offering substitutable services and products could lose their market share. Further, distinctions should be made among the long-haul and short-haul armaments of business operations of Singapore Airlines. The substitute services threat to the short-haul factors of the business is comparatively moderate in nature. Due to globalisation, investments are enhancing in transportation business between major environmental hubs, which also includes those firms which has been served by Singapore Airlines (Centre for Aviation, 2017). For example, it is possible that high-speed connections of railway would exist among the Eurasias major cities in the near future. More instantly, Singapore Airlines main threat is the market for business class travellers of long-haul which is posed by the mounting rebellion of internationalised organisations workers to travel for labour. Due to enhanced apprehension with the ecological impact over the air travel, enhanced real-time telecommunications technology and the mounting number of implicit enterprises, persons that would formerly have made substantial use of long-term travel due to business are analyzing that work from home could be done by them (Heracleous Wirtz, 2014). The bargaining power of customers: It has been said by Porter that where strong bargaining power has been hold by the buyers than the suppliers relative position of services and products would be relatively feeble. In airline industry, service provider and product manufacturer should be mainly cognizant of the demands and needs of their client base if they want to maintain and develop their market share. The customers bargaining power in the airline industry is reasonable in nature (Bloomberg business weak, 2017). The cost of switching between airlines companies is very low. Switching costs means to the weight which has been perceived by customers in opting one supplier over the other supplier, and are encompassed of opportunity, time, emotions and financial costs. analysts have discussed that switching costs for flights travellers have significantly conical in last few years which has been driven by the rejection in high street offices of airline, proliferation of the Internet and travel agents. Although every airlines have their individual websites virtually through which travellers could search, pay and book the flights. This way is more common for travellers to hunt for flights by using huge number of comparison sites which are available online such as Traveljungle.com and Lastminute.com. These websites allow travellers to compare the charges of flight according to the services and routes which in turn makes it easy for the traveller to switch (Cook, Tanner Lawes, 2012). However, airlines have been attempting to enhance the switching costs throughout the stipulation to travellers of loyalty systems. Travellers are confident to stay loyal with a single airline brand as purchase frequency allows them to earn the points or air miles which could be exchanged for discounted or free flights, or other gifts. The bargaining power of suppliers: This factor of the Five Forces models explains to the level to which suppliers could discuss over materials and equipment with businesses. It has been discussed that if the suppliers have strong power of bargaining than the businesses relative position would be relatively feeble. Strangely for an industry of transportation, airline industry suppliers are in a fairly strong position of bargaining. Fleets are supplied to the industry by Boeing and Airbus while in supply of engines, an oligopoly exists (Hakimian, 2011). With very few suppliers in manufacturers and operations, suppliers are capable to unilaterally set up the prices and the delivery times. Conclusion: Thus through this report, it has been concluded that porters 5 forces model is quite helpful for the industry to analyze the competitive position of the company. It has been found through this study that Singapore airline has been improved its operation from last few years and due to it the competitive strength of the company has been enhanced. Further, many external aspect related to company has been analyzed. References: Air Transport World (2014). Singapore Airlines boosts Tigerair stake. Online at https://atwonline.com/finance-amp-data/singapore-airlines-boosts-tigerair-stake. Accessed on 08 August 2017 Beria, P., Niemeier, H. M., Frhlich, K. (2011). Alitaliathe failure of a national carrier. Journal of Air Transport Management, 17(4), 215-220. Bloomberg Businessweek (2017). Singapore airlines completion rise. Online at https:// www.businessweek.com%2Farticles%2F2012-05-17%2Fsingapore-airlines-competition-rises. Accessed on 08 August 2017 Centre for Aviation (2017). Singapore Airlines reduces focus on US market as non-stop flights are dropped. Online athttps://centreforaviation.com/analysis/singapore-airlines-reduces-focus-on-us-market-as-non-stop-flights-are-dropped-131665. Accessed on 08 August 2017 Cook, A., Tanner, G., Lawes, A. (2012). The hidden cost of airline unpunctuality. Journal of Transport Economics and Policy 462), 157-173. Fu, X., Oum, T. H. (2014). Air transport liberalization and its effects on airline competition and traffic Growth: An overview. The Economics of International Airline Transport (Advances in Airline Economics, Volume 4) Emerald Group Publishing Limited, 11-44. Hakimian, H. (2011). The economic prospects of the Arab Spring: A bumpy road ahead. CDPR Development ViewPoint 63 (1), 1-2 Heracleous, L., Wirtz, J., Pangarkar, N. (2006). Flying High in a Competitive Industry. Singapore: McGraw Hill Heracleous, L., Wirtz, J. (2012). Strategy and Organisation at Singapore Airlines: Achieving Sustainable Advantage Through Dual Strategy. In Inderwildi, O. and King, D. (eds.) Energy, Transport, the Environment (pp. 479-493). London: Springer Heracleous, L., Wirtz, J. (2014). Singapore Airlines: Achieving sustainable advantage through mastering paradox. The Journal of Applied Behavioral Science, DOI: 0021886314522323. Lim, S., Lee, B. (2012). Online loyalty programs viewed from a searchability perspective. In Proceedings of the 14th Annual International Conference on Electronic Commerce (pp. 255-262). ACM. Markides, C., Sosa, L. (2013). Pioneering and first mover advantages: the importance of business models. Long Range Planning, 46 (4), 325-334.

Michael Crichton Essays - Environmental Skepticism, Futurologists

Michael Crichton For almost three decades, Michael Crichton has written novels that appeal to his reader`s imagination and take a firm hold of their pocketbooks. Crichton`s writing stands out as much as his 6=9 frame. He has become one of the most widely read and bought science fiction authors of the past three decades. From his first novel The Andromeda Strain, which he published while in medical school, to his most recent Airframe, Crichton has captivated his readers and left them craving more. What makes Crichton`s novels unique are their topics. Criction`s fiction novels have topics that range from little known historical events to indistinct scientific topics, such as cloning and primate communication. Crichton`s novels intertwine factual information with his own fictional ideas to produce stories that sell. Crichton`s research is very accurate and detailed. This fact can be traced to Crichton`s extensive education, both formal and informal. Born John Michael Crichton in Chicago, Illinois, he was raised in Roslyn, New York. Crichton graduated from Harvard University, were studied to become an English major, but converted to studies in anthropology. After graduating summa cum laude, Crichton taught anthropology for one year at Cambridge University in England. After his tenure at Cambridge, Crichton attended Harvard Medical School, where he earned his doctorate. Crichton also completed a post-doctoral fellowship at the Salk Institute in California. (Jaynes 1) Crichton`s writing experienced a dry spell in the early eighties, when he said, A Writing was very difficult for me. Instead of writing Crichton traveled the world. Being an anthropologist, Crichton explored civilizations that are hard to reach. He traveled from Malaysia to Pakistan. He also made a trek up Mount Kilimanjaro, and spent time in the South Pacific. (Jaynes 2) Crichton has had many experiences and gained enormous amounts of knowledge, which he employs in his novels, and uses to create stories that climb the best seller list quickly. Crichton also experimented with psychic phenomenon and became a professed spiritual pilgrim. Crichton admits to participating in practices such as acupuncture and Aaura-fluffing. (Jaynes 2) Crichton himself says, A Sometimes I thought, You`ve been in California too long, and you`ve gone from a perfectly O.K. doctor to a guy who lies on a couch while someone puts crystals on him and you actually think it means something, but it`s nothing but a lot of hippie-dippy-airy-fairy baloney. (qtd. in Jaynes 2) Crichton has explored the landscape of the mind and the planet, and uses what he has discovered to create stories that sell. Michael Crichton is the author of eleven thrillers under his given name. All eleven of these novels have made the best-seller list, and earned Crichton a notable reputation. Crichton`s first novel The Andromeda Strain was written as a means of income for Crichton while he was in school. When the novel was published Crichton experienced minimal fame around the Harvard campus. More importantly, however, this novel established Crichton=s reputation as a writer. The novel itself is about an alien virus that lands in the remote New Mexico desert, and the scientists that study and ultimately get rid of the virus. This novel contains subtle hints comparing it the alleged alien landings in Roswel, New Mexico and alien studies conducted in Area 51 in Nevada. Crichton puts his own creativeness into this work using the general public=s curiosity concerning alien matters, only this time the invader is a virus. Another aspect of this novel that makes it so compelling is as Richard Shickel of Harper=s Magazine states, AMr. Crichton has spared no effort in his attempt to make us believe that The Andromeda Strain could happen [emailprotected] The factual information and even the fiction aspects of this work are a product of Crichton=s exposure to the medical field at school. Crichton uses computer printouts, biological references, and fictional government documents to lend authenticity to this story. (Marowski 1) This is the first of many instances where Crichton uses his knowledge and experience to excite his readers. Another [emailprotected] that Crichton is more popular for is Jurassic Park. In an article for the Los Angeles Times Book Review, Andrew Ferguson stated that Jurassic Park=s Areal [emailprotected] is A its genuinely interesting discussion of dinosaurs, DNA research, paleontology, and the chaos [emailprotected] This work does indeed display an acute knowledge of the scientific fields mentioned above. Crichton incorporates factual information into his story of cloning actual dinosaurs. Crichton writes, A Y in 1953, two young researchers in England, James Watson and Francis Crick, deciphered the structure of [emailprotected] (Jurassic Park) This event is used to grasp the reader=s attention and

Job Displacement essays

Job Displacement essays This is a critical global concern. Although for some countries it has more concerns that other countries. The reasons are that within any country, with the liberalization of trade, many of the traditional jobs such as manufacturing have been displaced to other countries (Brewer and Young, 2000). No doubt that liberalization of trade brings some sort of equality between different countries, but also creates havoc on the families who loose their jobs. And most countries are likely to make minimal efforts to compensate the losers. Such domestic conflicts have long been evident in the United States in the textile, steel, and automobile industries, but their importance increases as the pace of globalization accelerates. More generally, a more open, competitive global economy can be expected to harm the welfare of low-skilled workers in the industrialized countries. In my view, the liberalization of trade should be a choice only when the citizens of that country have enough opportunities for finding other jobs. Moreover, the country has the responsibility that it provides sufficient level of skills and knowledge to its citizen for undertaking more important jobs in the information economy. The gap between Rich Countries and Poor Countries Over the span of a century or more, the income gap between the richest and poorest countries has been widening. In the most recent decades, there are some countries growing rapidly, such as China, India, and Indonesia. However, on the balance, little change in the aggregate has taken place. On the contrary, some countries have become poorer, while rich countries are getter even richer, increasing the gap between haves and have-nots. Certainly, there has been an unprecedented rise in living standards in the period since the end of World War II, associated with the freeing of trade and payments and most recently foreign direct investment, but the ...

Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words - 5

Case Study Example However, the cultural allowances made were unsatisfactory to align with the French culture. This ambiguity led to as low as 29% of French visits to Euro Disneyland in the first year. Individualism: An indicator of extent to which individuals possess self esteem and care for their family members. The imposition of American family values of dress code and appearance such as short hair, no beards, moustaches and extensive jewellery was a slur for the French who are extremely individualistic in nature. Power Distance Index (PDI): This is a measure which reveals the scope of how subordinate staff responds to disproportionate allocation of power. French people scoring high on PDI were agitated at the fact that the frontier authority was unfairly allotted to American managers who lacked the essentials to handle the Euro Disneyland. Masculinity: Masculinity is an indicator that highlights tendency towards factors such as profit, success and worldly belongings. France is low on masculinity and values care and quality of life more. Nature of extension of Disneyland in France shows the proclivity towards more revenues. If Euro Disneyland was tailored for values such as collaboration, friendliness and ecological preservation then the results yielded would have been better (Hofstede, Pedersen and Hofstede, 34-40). Internal vs. External: Internal culture represents people with the belief that whatever happens is a consequence of their actions. Contrary to these values that American believes in are the external culture values which represent French people which states that rather than being subject of destinies a person should alter to peripheral circumstances. Neutral vs. Emotional: Carriers of neutral culture values are people that have emotions and sentiments in control of them and kept to themselves. Contrarily there are people belonging to emotional culture who are natural and frank expressers of

Case study Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Case study - Essay Example Having a reliable cost estimate in place for the Worplestrop company would be important for the management to make decisions concerning the use of the company cash and ensuring that the software development and of cost data in information systems is implemented as planned. Therefore this kind of preliminary cost analysis is important in areas where there are scarce funds. Having a rough estimate on the cost of a project is important factor in ensuring the success of the project. Preparing a budget estimate at the early stages of the cost accounting software implementation brings together the previous cost data and the skills of estimation coupled with relevant project experience (Fonnow 2006). Budget Control Methods and System Cost Cost estimation on project implementation is never an exact science. Therefore, Worplestrop’s management need to put their effort towards affordable cost estimates projects that lie within the company budget. In order for the company to work within their budget calls for the use of consistent and comprehensive methodology (Gilbert 2011). However, even with the use of such methodology more concern should be given to the project to ensure the quality of the cost estimate. This cost estimate was therefore prepared through a thorough research and comparison with similar projects in other companies that have been done before and needed my professional judgment in its quality. This report further takes into account the coordination that is between the information systems planning cost estimates, the systems design cost estimate and the universal specifications that shall be used in the real construction of this information system. The estimate of this information system is being valued at $ 0.5 million plus the of implementation and training. The cocomo mode of software pricing is recommendable in finding the real cost of such a software implementation. Other Available Systems The use of the information management system would provi de an added advantage to Worplestrop Company over her competitors. However, the partners need to be aware that there are other systems in the market that can be used in place of the Costing information system if the providers do not accept to deliver the software within the company budget. This company is structured along the functional lines and therefore any system that is put in place must be able to support the company goals. Other systems are identified in the following section: Financial Management Information Systems This system can be used in the organization by the financial managers and gives an analysis of the past and the present financial activities of the company. Moreover, the future financial obligations of the organization are given by this software and has control over the use of the organization funds over time. Manufacturing Management Information System Presently the operations of any business has been affected by the changes in technology and therefore Worplest rop is no exception. The manufacturing operations in any company ought to change due to this dynamic factor. Inventories are provided to avoid use of large sums of money for warehousing in big inventories. Thus this kind of system would be important in managing in such scenarios. With this system there is no need for warehousing. Marketing Management Inf

Analysis of The Prologue to WE WERE SOLDIERS ONCE AND YOUNG Article

Analysis of The Prologue to WE WERE SOLDIERS ONCE AND YOUNG - Article Example Indeed, they were given medals and recognized for their sacrifices however, to a man who has shown such dedication and fervor in serving his country, those are not enough. It is true that war changes people. War destroys lives, families and the mind. There are many untold stories of soldiers whose lives and their loved ones’ lives were drastically changed because of the effects of their active participation in war. This story speaks for most of them although it is possible that there are soldiers who experienced even worse situations. The story is an eye opener to us who just hear and read stories of war. It is not just an expression of the author’s thoughts and emotions but it is also an appeal to the readers for them to remember the fallen soldiers and the others who survived the war; as they continue to enjoy the freedom that they have fought for. It asks for remembrance and the heart to value the lost lives, whether on the American side or on the enemies’ sid e because after all, we are all humans unworthy of animalistic

Googles Competitive Strategy: Analysis

Googles Competitive Strategy: Analysis a) Cost Leadership Strategy-Any organization achieves competitive advantages by able to produce goods or services at a low cost. It lowers the operating costs in order to achieve this strategy. Cost advantage is the main objective of this strategy. Costs are tried to be marginalised in every step of the production of goods or services. But low cost of production of goods or services does not mean that pricing would be low as there can be a high promotional cost for the goods or services. Products can be priced competitively so as to achieve bigger margin than the competitors. b) Differentiation Strategy-Organization adopting this strategy attains competitive advantage through satisfying customer needs. This results in competitive pricing of the differentiated product or services and higher margins for the organization. The organization adapting to the differentiated strategy will incur more cost than before for creating the competitive advantage of the product or service. This cost can be compensated by increase in sales of that particular product or services. c) Focus Differentiation/ Cost Leadership Strategy- Focus strategy is focusing differential or cost leadership strategy on a particular segment of the market. The source of Googles competitive advantage comes from the infrastructure of database Google has created over the years, relevance of search results, cost of executing the search speed of the search, product offering from AD words to social networking site to mobile application platform. Distinctive competency of an organization can be defined as how the company differentiate its product and services from the competitors, how to segment the market, price their products and what is the range of the products available with the company. Google scores over its competitors over relevance of search results, cost of executing the search and the speed of the search. This is the differentiation advantage Google is having over their competitors. Googles competitive advantage comes from the infrastructure they have built over the years. Continuous innovations, ease of use, relevancy in results are some Googles distinctive competencies. Googles ability to connect with the internet users, advertisers, website owners differentiates it from the competitors. Google has technological advantage over its competitors as they use high performance system which can take workload more than the general systems. Because of this capability they have a cost advantage over their competitors. 2) What value does Google create for customers and advertisers? Googles customers are advertisers ranging from a SME to large scale enterprises to the end users like the common man. The sites are ranked according to the key words and the key words have got some price tags. The advertisers put their advertisements of products and services in Google and they pay to the company when someone clicks the advertisements. Googles Ad word is the latest addition to this foray. Google also pay the other companies to display Googles advertisements. Google is continuously reinventing itself to be miles ahead of other companies. So with the addition of millions of internet users every year worldwide internet has became the latest buzzword. Whichever organization wants to be ahead of the competition they have to be present in the cyber space and who else than the search engine giant Google to show the way. The relevance of search results cost of executing the search and the speed of the search and continuous innovations makes Google the ultimate destination for advertisers as well as the end users. Let us take an example of Google Ad words. The benefits advertisers can get are The customer can easily set up the Google Ad word within 30 minutes. Advertisements will be displayed at the right hand side of the website. Customer does not need a website. They can be an affiliate marketer to promote their products. Customer can market any type of product using Ad words. Customer can sell their own products like eBooks, music etc. Customer can test market their product before the original launch. They can specify the budget they want to spend on each day. Advertisements can be country specific, city or town specific. Customer can split test their Advertisements to see which is working and then can put their best Advertisements. Google cannot afford to lose the customers attention and trust. Some years ago average search time was 3 seconds and they have bought it down to .2 seconds and now they are working towards reducing the time further. Also the relevancy of search result has to be maintained to retain the customers if it means losing in revenue for the company. So we can have an idea about the value Google wants to create for the advertisers and the customers. These are the intangible values Google is creating towards their customers. 3) Apply the four building blocks of competitive advantage to Google. Analyse each factor by providing detailed examples from the case. Ans- For any organization efficiency, quality, innovation and customer responsiveness are the four building blocks of competitive advantages for their products and services. a) Efficiency- In order to achieve efficiency a company needs to have economics of scale, learning, experience, good marketing, Research and development, optimum use of Human resources and infrastructure. (Jones, 2007) From a mere 10000 search in a day to 75% of search made using it has came a long way. The revolution in hardware technology coupled with innovation it has considerably reduced its unit cost. Googles optimal use of Human resources can be seen as only 650 employees are there in Google worldwide. They claim that their employees are 50 to 100 percent more productive than their competitors. b) Quality-Quality of goods or services can differentiate one organization from the other. Maintaining quality will lower the defects and operating cost increasing the profitability of any organization. (Jones, 2007) Google has maintained the relevancy of search result to retain the customers if it means losing revenue for the company. c) Innovation-Google believes in continuously reinventing itself by innovative products. At the start Google found a way to generate revenue from the corporate by keywords bidding and advertisements. Some years ago average search time was 3 seconds and they have bought it down to .2 seconds and now they are working towards reducing the time further. So Google is continuously trying to innovate and upgrade its technology as well as strategy to be ahead of the competition. d) Customer Responsiveness-Customer responsiveness can be defined as giving products or services to customer at their price what, when, where they want. Google has worked in the same way. It has given its advertisers and end users the ease of search, speed, reliability and deliverability at a cheaper price. As their business is customer centric they do not hesitate to test market a product or services before the actual launch and seeks feedback from the user to improve it. The RD division of Google invites its users to their lab and includes them in the development process of the new products as well as enhancement of the existing one so by seeking their feedback. 4) What business-level strategy is Google pursuing? (Identify the strategy and justify your answer) Ans -According to the Google CEO they never made any strategy but what they have made is what the customer wants. In my opinion they are pursuing cost leadership strategy as well as differentiation strategy. Google has technological advantage over its competitors as they use high performance system which can take workload more than the general systems. Because of this capability they have a cost advantage over their competitors. Google scores over other competitors on the technology advancement.It scores over its competitors over relevance of search results, cost of executing the search and the speed of the search. The value it has already created in the mind of consumer if the product or service is differentiated customer will not be price sensitive. 5) What corporate-level strategy and international strategy has Google implemented? (Identify the relevant strategies and justify your answer). Ans-Corporate level strategy decides which business and which market the organization should look to enter. An organization needs corporate-level strategy to a) penetrate the existing market, b) Wants to enter new market with existing product, c) develops new product for existing market, d)develops new product for the new market. The business options are wether to work in the same business or diversify, wether to cater the home or national market or to go international. Google saw China as a fast growing competitive market. They entered in to an agreement in 2006 and Google is known as google.cn. This was a market development strategy followed by Google. From the year 1999 Google has presence in China but due to censorship issues Google was losing its market to Chinese origin search engine Baidu. From the year 2002 to 2007 Baidus market share went up from 3% to 58%.This promoted the search engine giant to enter in to an agreement with China and to operate its office from China abidin g the laws of censorships. In 2006 there were over 105 millions of online users only in china and that was only 8% of the Chinese populations. So Google sensed the opportunity in that market and entered in to an agreement with them. In the year 2003 Google took over Pyra Labs, a blog company to strengthen the speed and relevance of articles searching in its search engine. In the years Google has acquired YouTube (Video Streaming Company), JotSpot, Gap minders Trendalyzer, Adscape Media, Peak Stream Technologies. Google has enter new market with the existing product, new market with new product as well as tried to penetrate the existing market with new product. It has also diversified form their main business of internet advertisement and has gone to acquire a radio advertising company dMarc.

Spam: Junk Email Essay -- Research Papers E-mail Essays

Spam: Junk Email The fictional story â€Å"The Case of the Spam Stalker† was based on my research and interest in the topic of junk email or spam. I was able to think of this topic because of the unbelievable amount of junk email that I was receiving at my America Online email account. In fact, I received so much junk mail that I decided to switch to another account with Lycos. Because I was having so much of a problem with unwanted mail, I figured that there were many more people with this problem. Hence, I decided to do my research project on junk email, otherwise known as â€Å"spam†. Similarly, my story involves the main character having to switch her email accounts because of the increasing volume of junk mail that she received. Throughout the story, the character presents situations in which she is able to inform the reader of what spam is, where it comes from, how to get rid of it, and what the laws are concerning spam. In order to start this story, I first had to research. The majority of my research came from internet databases that I found through the James Madison University website. However, I also managed to find one book by Geoff Mulligan on the subject of removing spam. The major areas of my story that feature my research results are, I think, obvious. The first occurrence of my research appearing in the story is when the main character, Dorian, complains to her friend Tony about the amount of spam she gets at her AOL account (Dvorak). When Tony proceeds to explain to Dorian that if she upgrades to AOL version 8 then spam wouldn’t be a huge problem (Business Wire); and when he tells her how spam got into her account through message boards and member directories (Mulligan), are other examples... ...ces Using Filters, Other Tactics To Combat Spam.† Internet World. 19 Oct. 1998. Lexis Nexis Academic. James Madison University, Carrier Library. 1 Apr. 2003. . Hill, Steve. â€Å"Unwanted. Unwelcome. Unstoppable?: Lovely spam, wonderful spam!† Internet Magazine. Dec. 2001. Infotrac. James Madison University, Carrier Library. 1 Apr. 2003. Mulligan, Geoff. Removing the Spam: Email Processing and Filtering. Reading: Addison Wesley, 1999. Warner, Janine. â€Å"How much does spam really cost?† The Miami Herald. 10 Mar. 2003. James Madison University, Carrier Library. 1 Apr. 2003. .

America: the Melting Pot? Essay

The Melting Pot? For as far back as history books go there have been stories about people moving from one place to another. Immigration is defined as the movement of people from one country to another for the sole purpose of a stable residence. The United States of America has always been known as the melting pot of the world. Now our country is being faced with people trying to come here illegally and it is creating an argument between legal citizens. Do we allow these people to come here and make their reams real like our ancestors did, or do we take every measure we can to keep them out? While doing research I found that there are many people who are very against illegal immigration. They believe that the people who wish to become citizens need to go through a very vigorous process to gain citizenship. After the attacks on our country, and the ongoing war, many citizens are on their guard. It is very hard to feel safe in such an imperfect world. Many people are scared of what will come and even more terrified that if it happened once that it will happen again. Since many people re so afraid, they want homeland security to be increased along the countries boarders, better background checks on workers, and harsher punishments for the employers who hire the illegal aliens when they know that the workers do not have the proper paper work and are not legal citizens. On the other side of the argument, some Americans feel that it is wrong to punish these people who are Just trying to improve their lives, and the lives of their families. They believe that America was based on a dream, the same dream that our ancestors had when they came here looking for a better future, Just as the people that are llegally trying to get into the country want to do. This does not mean that these people support how the immigrants are trying to get around the system, Just that they should be given a better chance at gaining their citizenship. They want the government to help the immigrants who cannot afford to go about gaining their citizenship legally. This then opens up another argument of who will end up paying for their citizenship, and why should natural born citizens have to pay for others to come into our country, take what few Job opportunities there are left and in the long run, over-populate the country. When choosing a new country to live in, people travel to many places to find the perfect fit. Many countries are not as open and accepting to immigrants as the US is, so that is where they decide to make a new home. While many immigrants look upon the U. S. to make their dreams come true, there are many people who try to come here illegally. These illegal immigrants are often called â€Å"aliens†; they also share the same hopes and dreams of coming to America for a new life, but cross the border without the proper permission. Many reasons they have difficulty crossing the or cannot afford it. They are determined to get here to create a better life for themselves, which then creates a problem for America. The Department of Homeland Security estimated in December 2003 and that 8 million to 12 million illegal aliens resided in the U. S. and 700,000 new illegal aliens enter and stay each year. Many Americans fear that since there is such a great amount of people coming into our country that they will take Jobs and cost our citizens more money. Apologist try to make it seem like illegal immigration is a victimless crime, however others find that that this is a serious problem that causes substantial harm to American citizens. Public funds are being greatly drained because of illegal immigration. The quality of education, health care and other services for Americans are undermined by the needs of endless numbers of poor, unskilled illegal entrants. Another great fear of many citizens is that the presence furnishes of an opportunity for terrorism. With these immigrants sneaking in, being unnoticed it makes it difficult for our government to know whom posses a threat to our society. Most illegal immigrants only come here to improve their lifestyle and to get work. However, it is feared that if terrorists see how easy it is to come in to America nnoticed, that they will do the same and that only means bad things for the safety of our countrys citizens. Some people think that the government should give all illegal immigrants legal status to bring them out of the shadows. Others then fear if we show openness and such accommodation to people who have illegally crossed our boarder that it will send the wrong message to the rest of the world that we condone illegal immigration. This then creates an even bigger problem that America will be forced to face forever. Some citizens feel that it is hard for them to create an opinion on this issue when it has not directly affected them. I am one of those. I have never had any difficulty getting housing, or a Job because of illegal immigrants. The area that I am from does not have any issues with employers hiring people with forged papers, or any of the sorts. However, after doing all of the research I find myself torn between both sides of the argument. I do not believe that people from other countries should be allowed to cross our border, without our government’s knowledge. It is for the safety of the American people that officials know who is in our country and who may pose a threat. Also, it seems as though handing out free passes to those who have already come ere illegally is a way to try and make the situation go away, and that is never a good solution. One cannot blame people for trying to escape a bad life. America prides itself on the freedom it gives its’ people. Our fore fathers created this country on a belief that if a person does not agree with the government of his or her country that they should be able to leave that country to live in a place where they can believe what they want to believe, and become anything they want to become. A lot of early immigrants came to this country with hardly any money to spare they came on a hope and a wish hat coming here would create a better life for them, their children, and their children’s children.

Asking Better Questions with Blooms Taxonomy

Asking Better Questions with Bloom's Taxonomy Benjamin Bloom is known for developing the taxonomy of higher level thinking questions. The taxonomy provides categories of thinking skills that help educators formulate questions. The taxonomy begins with the lowest level thinking skill and moves to the highest level of thinking skill. The six thinking skills from lowest level to highest level are KnowledgeComprehensionApplicationAnalysisSynthesisEvaluation To really understand what this means, lets take Goldilocks and the 3 Bears and apply Blooms taxonomy. Knowledge Who was the biggest bear? What food was too hot? Comprehension Why didnt the bears eat the porridge?Why did the bears leave their house? Application List the sequence of events in the story.Draw 3 pictures showing the beginning, middle and ending of the story. Analysis Why do you think Goldilocks went for a sleep?How would you feel if you were Baby Bear?What kind of person do you think Goldilocks is and why? Synthesis How could you re-write this story with a city setting?Write a set of rules to prevent what happened in the story. Evaluation Write a review for the story and specify the type of audience that would enjoy this book.Why has this story been told over and over again throughout the years?Act out a mock court case as though the bears are taking Goldilocks to court. Blooms taxonomy helps you to ask questions that make learners think. Always remember that higher level thinking occurs with higher level questioning. Here are the types of activities to support each of the categories in Blooms Taxonomy: Knowledge LabelListNameStateOutlineDefineLocateRepeatIdentifyRecite Comprehension DiscussExplainProvide proof ofProvide an outlineDiagramMake a posterMake a collageMake a cartoon stripAnswer who, what, when, where, why questions Application ReportConstructSolveIllustrateConstructDesign Analysis SortAnalyzeInvestigateClassifySurveyDebateGraphCompare Synthesis InventExamineDesignFormulateHypothesizeRe-tell differentlyReportDevelop a gameSongExperimentGenerateCompose Evaluation SolveJustifySelf-evaluateConcludeDo an editorialWeight the pros/consMock trialGroup discussionJustifyJudgeCriticizeAppraiseJudgeRecommendation backed with informed opinionsWhy do you think.... The more you move toward higher level questioning techniques, the easier it gets. Remind yourself to ask open ended questions, ask questions that stimulate why do you think type answers. The goal is to get them thinking. What color  hat was he wearing? is a low-level thinking question, Why do you think he wore that color? is better. Always look to questioning and activities that make learners think. Blooms taxonomy provides an excellent framework to help with this.

Modern Day Plague essays

Modern Day Plague essays Argument: Mankind has become too dependent on computers, and we as a society are covering up our errors and not facing the facts, to avoid panic. About four years ago, a new "pop" headline came hot of the press rumoring something about home computers having problems when the year 2000 hit. "The year 2000, that's six years away," people thought. Many believed in six years it would be fixed. Thus, the headline got thrown into the archives along with egg yolks being high in cholesterol and the FBI and the CIA being against each other. Well, today the computer problem has resurrected itself. The downside is that, the second round of "hype," as some have called it, is being looked upon less seriously than before. What is the problem anyway, what's the big deal? Many have asked this question without a definite answer, weakening any bit of concern. Here it is put simply. All computers contain small processors that contain a current date. This processor comes in millions of different types and has been for close to 30 years. These processors are responsible for simple and complex operations and in some cases, for recording data. All of these functions require dates to perform. Well, the problem hits when one looks at how all processors have been made. All they contain are six numbers, 2 for the day, 2 for the month and 2 for the year. What about when 99 wants to flip to 00? The computer thinks 00 is before 99. Therefore, many go haywire and perhaps crash. The only way to fix it, is by replacing or up dating ALL processors to record four digits for the year. When this problem first resurfaced about eight months back, the few that were paying attention realized the danger. Many suggested the idea of the world collapsing. This drew enough rally to form a congressional committee in May of (19)98, less than two years to the millennium. Y2K, as it is now known, was targeted more toward government and business ...

Inventory Control Methods Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Inventory Control Methods - Research Paper Example In this context, the statistical techniques and the Information Technology (IT) are useful for exposing hidden information of the business. Statistics is the assortment of approaches, methods, and activities employed by any company to control the production, product quality, and service. Statistical Process Control (SPC) starts with product development where the elements of the product are determined to maintain the quality. Through SPC a company can observe the production in each phase. Several control charts let organizations to understand the status of any process and thus minimizes the rate of the defective product. Companies such as Ford, Ferrari, and BMW among others, focus strictly on product quality and control the processes of assembly line effectively (Lind, D. & Et. Al., â€Å"Statistical Techniques in Business and Economics†). ... & Et. Al., â€Å"Statistical Techniques in Business and Economics†). The practical example of Six Sigma in business is Wipro. It was the first Indian organization which had implemented Six Sigma in their business. With the help of Six Sigma, Wipro had successfully improved the business performance by understanding customers’ demand. The waste in production has been minimized significantly in Wipro and it has experienced 35% increase in productivity. The rate of failure has reduced to 1%. The rate of defective software products has also reduced to 5%. Six Sigma has brought undeniable accomplishment for Wipro with respect to customer satisfaction and development of internal performance (Sharma & Et. Al., â€Å"Six Sigma at Wipro Technologies: Thrust on Quality†). Several big organizations such as General Electric use Six Sigma technique to improve the quality and reduce unnecessary expenses. In business, statistics help organizations to make appropriate decisions. Organizations need to be very quick and precise and must understand the preference of customers. Statistics can help to plan according to consumers’ preferences. Through statistical technique, the quality of any product or service can be evaluated more effectively. Based on the statistical data, an organization can decide which item it is going to sell and in what amount. Majority of activities in an organization depend on information generated by statistics. Thus, based on the statistical data, an organization can take decisions regarding product, investment, and marketing (Amazone, â€Å"Importance of Statistics in Different Fields†). Statistics is also vital for economics.     

Business models group project Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Business models group project - Essay Example This argument indicates that electronic commerce emerged a long time ago, but it was known to only few industries. This also means that electronic commerce has spread around the world in recent times because of the development of the internet through the World Wide Web (Funk 10). Therefore, organizations should embrace the internet because it is the most significant platform that enables them to conduct business electronically between themselves and consumers and also between them and other businesses. According to the author, the development of the internet enabled electronic commerce to grow by 1000% annually in the years between 1996 and 1997 (Timmers 1). This growth rate is so huge and it indicates that the internet has had a massive effect on the ways in which organizations conduct their businesses. The article also argues that the research that was conducted by Data monitor in 1997 indicated that by the year 2002, around 630,000 organizations in the United States and other 245,000 in the European Union would be conducting all of their functions electronically (Timmers 1). This means that if these statistics were expected to take effect in 2000, in the current times, the organizations that conduct business electronically exceed this number both in the United States and in the European Union. The author has, however, not indicated the statistics for other parts of the world such as Asia, Africa, and Australia. These regions also have organizations that conduct their functions online, and it means that the author did not research on them efficiently. In this section of the article, the author classifies various business models into groups. Timmers begins this section by defining a business model as a design of the flow of services and products in an organization (2). The design also explains the roles of the actors who take part in the flow of the goods and services. According to the author, the

An Lee - Final Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

An Lee - Final - Essay Example He is rescued and taken to hospital where he narrates his ordeal, but failing to convince policemen, narrates another tragic story, this time involving real human beings rather than animals we saw in the movie, but follows the same pattern, only animals substituted by human beings. The Brokeback Mountain is another film based on a novel by the same title written by Annie Proulx. It is about two farmhands employed to look after sheep in a ranch who get interested in each other and ends up in a gay relationship. They are spotted by their employers in his binoculars and he fires them. They go their separate ways and start their families. Ennis later on marries Alma and are blessed with two daughters while Jack goes to Texas, marries and has a son. The story is about these two husbands finding it difficult to deal with the truth that they are gay. It is easier for them to live a lie than come out in the open. This secrecy continues until Jack visits after four years and the two men are excited to seeing each other after the long period. They lock lips while Alma is looking them through the window, confirming her fears. She is repulsed by this behavior, and in the end she announces to her father, in the presence of Ennis, that she is remarrying. Ennis rejects the offer of settling down with Jack, letting him go on to Mexico to look for love in bars and alleys. Ennis is fearful of living with another man whom he loves dearly. A particular incidence in his childhood is real to him; a scene of a man being pulled by his private parts until it rips off for the crime of ‘living’ with another man in a homosexual relationship. The man is eventually killed. Ennis would rather die than have himself married another man he truly loves. In both films, Ang Lee appears to have broken new ground, and taken film industry to new levels. Life of Pi is a 2012 film

Fiscal and Physical Planning of Vocational Essay Example for Free

Fiscal and Physical Planning of Vocational Essay Introduction Education generally is planned to develop the people in a society, In essence proper steps should be taken in the planning process. Nuhu (2007) sees vocational and technical education as that education, concerned with the acquisition of practical and applied skills, as well as basic scientific knowledge. It is only therefore a planned programme of theory and practical learning experiences that will guarantee acquisition of basic academic and life skills, achievement of high academic standards, leadership and preparation for industry-defined work. In any organization, planning competence is required in setting goals, developing strategies and outlining tax schedules to facilitate accomplishment of such goals. Planning is the process of organizing the activities required to achieve a desired goal. It is basically concerned with the organization of men, money and materials (3M), which are one of the major functions of the top management, for without effective planning, a waste of time and resources is possible. It is also necessary to note therefore, that information is the key to planning and the need for adequate and timely information cannot be over emphasized. One of the major philosophies of education in Nigeria is based on the integration of the individual into a sound and effective citizen, this and most of the national educational aims and objectives can only be achieved through a properly planned vocational and technical education. Planning of vocational and technical education is basically to enhance human dignity and enthrone work and labor by making individuals acquire and develop enough saleable and employable skills, competencies, attitudes as well as knowledge to enable them gain and maintain basic employment or self-reliance for a comfortable living. The Nigerian dream of building a truly egalitarian society can only be achieved through the effective use of vocational and technical education because it offers life-long education to all types of learners and enable them realize and develop their self-potentials maximally. In planning vocational and technical education, we decide in advance, what to be done, when, where, how and by whom it is to be done. It also entails working out before hand, how to achieve or accomplish the objectives of vocational and technical education, stated in the National policy on education (2004). Which includes:- 1. Providing trained manpower in applied sciences, technology and business. 2. Providing the technical knowledge and vocational skills necessary for agricultural, commercial and economic development. 3. Giving training and imparting necessary skills to individual who shall be self reliant economically. 4. Providing maximum options for learners to advance or branch out into gainful employment. 5. Making education concrete and understandable while general education should point out the vocational implication of all educational experiences. 6. Providing pre-vocational orientation to students into the world of work. 7. Developing attitudes, basic educative skills and habits appropriate for work. 8. Satisfying the demands of the society that is technology-oriented and the needs of man for liberalizing experience in his educational growth and similar undertakings. 9. Providing professionals who can apply scientific knowledge to the improvement and solution of environmental problems for the use and convenience of man. 10. To give an introduction to professional studies in other technological field. 11. Enabling our young men and women to have intelligent understanding of the increasing complexity of technology. And in pursuance of these set goals and objectives of vocational and technical education, the main features of the curricular shall be structured in both theory and practical learning experiences. The curriculum shall consist of five components, which are:- 1. General education 2. Theory and related courses 3. Workshop practice 4. Industrial training 5. Small business management For effective participation of students in practical work, the teacher-student ratio shall be kept at 1:20, and trainees completing vocational and technical education programmes shall have this three options and more:- a. To secure employment b. To set up their own business c. Pursue further education Without finance, the above objectives cannot be achieve, hence fiscal planning is the life wire of vocational and technical education Fiscal planning of vocational and technical education It refers to the most appropriate way to access finances (money) and determine the best course of action to take (budgeting) for future benefits. Fiscal planning of vocational and technical education means deciding in advance, how funds will be sourced and allocated to each of the areas in vocational and technical education. This is a major function of the government, budget committee on education and educational administrators. It goes further to answers such questions such as:- 1. What are the sources of funding VTE? 2. How much fund is available? 3. Which areas should fund be allocated? 4. Why will such funds be allocated? What are the sources of funding VTE? VTE just like general education have specific sources of funding which include:- 1. Government allocation 2. Internally generated revenue (IGR) 3. Education trust/tax fund. 4. International aid from world bank and developed countries 5. Non-governmental agencies (NGO) and more. How much fund is available? While the allocation to education tops those of other sectors in Nigeria’s 2013 budget proposal presented to the joint session of the National Assembly on the 10th of October 2012 by President Jonathan, the amount is still far below the standard set by the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO). The proposed allocation of N426 billion to the sector takes only 8. 7percent of the proposed total national budget of N4. 9 trillion, whereas the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO), actually recommended for allocation of 26percent to the sector which is very vital to national development (Education) and VTE being very capital intensive requires more funding. So the question of how much fund is available will depend on how rich is the country in focus, and how much is allocated to education sector in general. Which areas should fund be allocated? This may have to deal with a simple analysis of human and material resources that will be needed to run the various VTE programmes such as business education, technical education, agric and home economics education. Why will such funds be allocated? Funds should be made available to run VTE so as to achieve the aforementioned goals and in the long run achieve the national objectives of Nigeria and they include the building of:- 1. A free and democratic society. 2. A just and egalitarian society. 3. A united, strong and self reliant nation. 4. A great and dynamic economy. 5. A land of bright and full opportunities for all citizens. Physical planning of VTE Physical planning entails the organization of land and infrastructure use, while emphasizing the need for providing a balanced economic development and conserving resources. There is a relationship between the fiscal and physical planning of VTE, as there can be no human and material presence without a good financial budget. The physical planning of VTE relates to land and material aspects in the planning process, and organizing human and material resources for effective operations of vocation and technical education. This plan involves the following:- 1. A topographical survey on existing VTE schools. 2. Preparing architectural designs and drawings 3. Ensuring supervision of construction and rehabilitation work. 4. Provision of preventive maintenance facilities. 5. Designing laboratory for VTE workshop for practical learning. 6. Ensuring proper ventilation in classrooms and workshop. 7. Provision of appropriate office and class room furniture. 8. Ensuring availability of capable professionals in the various VTE programmes. Budgeting techniques in planning VTE Budgetary processes constitute the primary mechanism for planning and controlling educational activities. Budgets have been defined in various ways by managers and school administrators because organizations are always functioning by monitoring the flow of money in order to attain its set goals and objectives. Knezevich (1975) defined budgeting as a financial or quantitative statement that has been prepared and approved prior to a defined period of time. This statement includes policy to be pursued during the period for the attainment of objectives  However, it is pertinent to state that education budget is a financial blue print for the operation of the educational sector for the fiscal year. Types of budgeting 1. Line – Item Budgeting-: This is the traditional technique of budgeting which lists items on a purely object basis. It is also referred to as object of expenditure budget. This type of budgeting classifies expenditure on the basis of articles or items purchased. It refers to the grouping of expenditure into categories such as administrative staff salaries, academic staff salaries, supplies and materials, repairs and maintenance and so on. 2. Performance Budget-: It is an improvement on traditional budgeting because it emphasis the use of brief explanations to support each item of expenditure. In this type of budget, one does not budget for money but one budget for the objective to be achieved. Moreover, Calden and Wildaryshy (1974) remarked that performance budgeting allow transactions to be identified by general purpose in order to distinguish between expenditures which contribute tp development and those which do not. 3. Functional budgeting-: This technique of budgeting simply explains the budget according to the head which it is expected to meet. Ebhomien (1984) stated that the demerit of this type of budgeting includes the fact that objectives of such budgets are not always clearly stated because they are usually broadly defined. This form of budgeting does not give room for full accountability as it makes it difficult for someone to know how every little bit of the fund allocated is spent. Caffarella Model of Programmme Planning Cafferalla Program Planning Model Caffarella listed 12 steps to be considered in programme planning. The 12 steps are: †¢Discerning the context †¢Building a solid base of support †¢Identifying programme ideas. †¢Sorting and prioritizing programme ideas †¢Developing programme objectives †¢Designing instructional plans †¢Devising transfer-of-learning plans †¢Formulating evaluation plans †¢Making recommendations and communicating results †¢Selecting formats, schedules and staff needs †¢Preparing budgets and marketing plans †¢Coordinating facilities and on-site events Caffarella presents the model as a circle where all 12 steps point toward the center circle, called the Interactive Model of Programme Planning, indicating that the process is non-sequential. The program planner can begin the process at any one of the 12 steps, and does not need to work around the circle but rather each step is a reminder of important tasks to be completed during the process. How fiscal and physical planning has contributed to the growth of VTE 1. There is improved awareness and acceptance of vocational and technical education. 2. It has provided a basis for timely decision making. 3. There is more intervention in the area of infrastructure. For example, the new VTE workshop in our school. (UNIBEN) 4. It has promoted more effective and efficient utilization of available resources. 5. It has ensured continuity of vocational and technical education in our various institutions. Factors to consider before planning vocational and technical education Initial assessment of existing VTE system:- It will be necessary to first assess the existing VTE system capacity, including funding levels and budget utilization, strengths, weaknesses and deficiencies before embarking on a large-scale system reform or expansion strategy. There is therefore the need to conduct specific baseline studies that also explore the existing links with the other levels of education and national labor policies. Linkage with other sectors of the national economy:- There should be specification in clears terms between VTE and other sectors of the national economy in order to effectively link the VTE strategy to other national strategies and policies in the area of education and training, employment, and socio-economic development. Linkage with regional and international policies:- How does the national VTE strategy dovetail into existing regional and international education and training policy frameworks and protocols? National VTE strategies should take into account the education and training protocols of regional groupings like The Economic Community Of West African States (ECOWAS), Southern African Development Community (SADC), and The Common Market for Eastern and Southern Africa (COMESA) and also other acknowledged international agencies involved in education and skills training, such as the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO), American Dental Education Association (ADEA) and The International Labor Organization (ILO). Linkage with the world of work:- Since the ultimate objective of VTE is employability and employment promotion, it is necessary to link training to the needs of the labor market. VTE must be relevant and demand-driven, rather than supply-driven and a stand-alone activity. In order to do this, data is required on the actual employability of VTE graduates, available job opportunities, and the evolving skills demands on the labor front. Determining the demand for skills is best achieved through country specific Labor Market Information Systems (LMIS) and other survey instruments. Instructor training and professionalization of VTE staff:- The professional competence of vocational and technical education teachers is crucial to the successful implementation of any VTE strategy. Governments should therefore make conscious efforts, not only to train but also to retain teachers in the program. REFERENCES Adaralegbe, A. (2001). A Philosophy of Nigerian Education. Ibadan: Heinemann. Ahubaka, I. (1996). The Role of Science and Technology in National Development. Caffarella, R. S. (2001). Planning programs for adult learners: A practical guide for educators, trainers, and staff developers (2 ed. ). San Francisco: Jossey-Bass, Inc Ekpenyong, L. E. (1992). â€Å"Business Teacher Education in Nigeria Prospects and Challenges for the 21st Century. Ekpenyong, L. E. Nwabuisi, J. N. (2001). Curriculum and Human Resource Development issues in Business Education. Ekpenyong, L. E. (2005). Foundations of Technical and Vocational Education. Benin City: Supreme Ideal Publishers Int. Ltd. Evans, R. (1982). Why Vocational Education belong in the Comprehensive High Education. Journal of American Vocational Association. 57 (6). Federal Republic of Nigeria (2004). â€Å"National Policy on Education† (4th Ed) Yaba. NERDC press. Ile, C. M. , Asoegwu, M. N. N. Chukwugbo, G. C. (2005). â€Å"Essentials of Vocational Education and Technical Education for beginners†. Awka: Marpat Educational Research and Publishers. Miller J. V. and Vetter L. (1996). â€Å"Vocational Guidance for Equal Access and Opportunity for Girls and Women in Technical and Vocational Education†. Paris. UNESCO. Ogwo, B. A and Oranu, R. N. (2006). â€Å"Methodology in Formal and Non Formal Technical/Vocational Education†. Enugu: Ijejas Printers Publishers Company. Olairan, S. 0. (1990). Vocational and Technical Education: Issues and Analysis. Onitsha: Nobel Graphic Press. Osuala, E. C. (1995). Functions of Vocational Education. Nsukka: Falladu Publishing Company. www. africa-union. org/strategy-to-revitalize-technical-and-vocational-education-and-training-in-africa www. businessdayonline. com/NG/index. php/component/content/article/366-business-shool/46337-2013-budget-educations-allocation-still-far-below-unescos-stipulat.

Discovery Of Society Essay -- essays research papers

What is the meaning of society? It’s a simple word but with a very complicated definition. Society is our own everyday reality. It’s features such as economics, culture, language and philosophy is what unites individuals and creates a society. In the book, â€Å"The Discovery of Society†, written by Randall Collins and Michael Makowsky we are able to capture the ideas and beliefs of a variety of social thinkers. All of these thinkers had a different perspective towards what a society needs to survive and maintain itself afloat.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  One of these social thinkers was Karl Marx (1818-1883). He was a German political philosopher and revolutionist. Marx was very concern with the history of class struggle. He felt that the history of society was a history itself of the struggles that existed between the ruling and the oppressed social classes. In Marx’s time, slaves were considered the â€Å"have not’s† and were the ones doing all the work while the â€Å"have’s† were taking advantage of their effort. According to Marx, the economy was organized around industrial production and commercial exchange, which explains why he classified the bourgeois society into two main classes. These classes were; the capitalist who owned the factories, banks and the goods to trade and the proletarians who owned nothing but their own labor power. Marx felt that the division of classes was what was responsible for the conflict and suffering of all society. This is what encouraged Marx to believe that chaos was the only way in which classes would break up and no longer exist. Marx was able to get his point across in the modern socialist doctrine, better known as the Communist Manifesto. Even though, Marx was ordered to leave Paris because of all his revolutionary activities he did set a great influence on all communist literature. The situation of the banishment of Marx was very similar to what one of the characters in the book of, â€Å"Brave New World†, Bernard Marx, had to experience. This certain character is similar to Karl Marx because of the way in which he didn’t agree with the system that already existed. This caused the World Controller to decide that it was best to sent him away in order to prevent him from putting ideas in the minds of other individuals of the society. In the case of Karl Marx the character, World Controller, could be associated with the Belgian go... ...on. In the book, â€Å"Things Fall Apart†; we are able to see this situation when the British attempt and succeed in colonizing the society of the Ibo and other neighboring tribes. In this example, its really a contradiction which is set by the British because they wanted to force this society to be who they weren’t and the British didn’t take into consideration the organization already set up by the Ibo. I feel we still have a few more years to go before we could actually comprehend the meaning of society. As for the past philosophers, some of them did depict a close picture of what was expected in the present time. To be honest, the social thinker I could relate the most is Karl Marx for the reason that he was so strongly opposed to class division. Even though, it would be great if there weren’t any divisions in our society but it is impossible. I feel this way because in our society exists too much racism. Also no matter how hard we try not to classify people into groups its difficult. You either have money and you are on the top level or middle or you have no money and are homeless. In this society and every other one it’s all about the Benjamin’s in your pocket and bank account!

Global Credit Availability Essay -- essays research papers fc

Global Credit Availability:   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  In today’s world of personal finance and economics, with the global perspective being the primary focus. Corporations, just like individuals, are looking at expanding their horizons and saving or making as much profit as they can. How do they accomplish this gigantic and often expensive proposition? The answer to this is through credit. However I poise a question to everyone. Is the ease of which to receive credit today a hindrance and detriment to all of us, or is it the answer we have all been looking for? I will show you both sides of this situation and you are the judge.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The term credit according to the 1992 issue of New Webster’s Dictionary is; a transfer of goods, etc†¦in confidence of future payment, to enter on the credit side of an account; to procure credit or honor to (â€Å"Credit†). The term domestic credit in the Dornbusch Microeconomics book is the monetary authority’s holdings of claims on the public sector – government debt – and on the private sector – usually loans to banks (â€Å"Domestic Credit†). According to our Personal Finance book;   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã¢â‚¬Å"Consumer credit dates back to colonial times. While credit was originally a priviledge of   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  the affluent, farmers came to use it extensively. No direct finance charges were imposed;   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  instead, the cost of credit was added to the price of goods†¦ All economists now   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  recognize consumer as a major force in the American economy†¦ To paraphrase an old   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  political expression, as the consumer goes, so goes the U.S. economy (164).† These terms all mean one thing, as we the public, government, and businesses receive credit, we must be responsible with it and ensure that we repay our obligations.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  In today’s global economy credit is the single most important tool most consumers and businesses have. Credit when used properly allows us to grow and purchase items we might not otherwise have the funds for. The United States has had credit reporting information and accounting since 1956, and with all of this available information global models are now being created for other countries to follow. It is said that without the use and availability of credit the global econo... ...l. Macreconomics. 9th ed. Ed. Lucille Sutton. New York: NY, 2004. Kapoor, Jack R., Les R. Dlabay, and Robert J. Hughes. Personal Finance. 7th ed. Ed. Michele Janicek. New York: NY, McGraw-Hill/Irwin, 2004 References Cole, R., â€Å"The importance of relationships to the availability of credit.† Journal of Banking and Finance. 1998 Fisman, R., â€Å"Trade credit, financial intermediary development and industry growth.† Journal of Finance. 2003 Kennickell, Arthur B., Martha Starr-McCluer, and Brian J. Surette, â€Å"Recent Changes in U.S. Family Finances: Results from the 1998 Survey of Consumer Finances,† Federal Reserve Bulletin. January, 2000, pp 1-29. Scott, J., â€Å"Small business and the value of community financial instituations.† Journal of Financial Services Research. 2004 United States. Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System. Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation. 10 Nov. 1999   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  http://www.federalreserve.gov/boarddocs/press/general/1999/19991110/default.HTM United States. Federal Reserve Board. 10 Sept. 2003   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  http://www.federalreserve.gov/BoardDocs/Press/bcreg/2003/20030910/default.htm.

Freemium pricing of Dropbox Essay

1. Describe Dropbox’s â€Å"Freemium Pricing strategy† to get users and revenue. What was this strategy? What did the company hope to accomplish with this strategy? Dropbox is a company providing remote-storage over the internet, cloud storage service as well. The â€Å"Freemium Pricing Strategy† is a popular pricing strategy which company provide client a basic service without paying a dime and premium services were paid. Dropbox offers 2GB cloud storage space for free and 1TB for $9.99 per month. The basic service attracts millions of customer to use and like it. On the other hand, the major revenue is generated by paid customers which weights 60% of total revenue. Moreover, Drew Houston, the CEO and founder of Dropbox, introduced an incentivize mechanism to expand the market. Satisfied users are more willing to recommend Dropbox to their friends, family and co-worker, in turn, they can get free storage upgrade. In corporate business, Dropbox provide paid â€Å"Dropbox for Business† which featured unlimited storage and administrative control. Corporate contribute 40% of Dropbox revenue for the effectiveness Dropbox provided. The freemium pricing and incentive mechanism accelerate Dropbox customer acquisition. Although 98% customers are unpaid and generate zero revenue, the significant amount of user base is potential wealth of Dropbox. Dropbox was considered as one of the most successful companies to offer â€Å"Freemium Pricing† in cloud storage market. Freemium offers customers an opportunity to try out a new product or service risk-free and cost-free. Meanwhile, Dropbox achieved the objective, 200 million of user. 1. What were the positive results of this strategy? With â€Å"Freemium Pricing†, Dropbox has 17% market share, and the second market dominator, beside Apple iCloud, which pre-programmed inside consumer hardware such as iPhone, iPad and laptop. Even several internet giants began vying a piece of promising cloud storage market, Dropbox was still possessing the second big vendor in the market. In short-term, â€Å"Freemium Pricing† speed up Dropbox user grew from 4 million to 200 million in four years and generate $400 million revenue by 2012. As well, in long-term, Dropbox builds brand image and cultivates customer habit. With huge potentials, Dropbox is valued at over 4 billion dollars. 2. What were the negative results or failures of this strategy, if any? The competition of cloud storage market is very intense, which makes Dropbox profitability less sustainable. Consumers may turned into other giant vendor such as Google, Apple and Amazon. â€Å"Freemium Pricing† and incentivize mechanism bring some negative influence on Dropbox. Customer prefer to get more storage with recommend to friends and their friend will do the same thing to get free upgrade by doing the same thing. This will increase Dropbox operation cost by purchasing more servers and maintain them. For venture capital investor, great volatility of future revenue means high risk. The value of D ropbox may be overestimated. Low user conversion rate, loss of customers and make people always want use Dropbox for free will be hidden risk for Dropbox. 3. What was the strategy that Dropbox used for corporate/business customers? Describe this strategy and its results. Firstly, Dropbox was applying the â€Å"Freemium Pricing Strategy† to acquire basic users. According to Drew Houston, his goal was to get individuals to use and like it so much that they, in turn, got their employers to sign up as well. Dropbox was offering a product that people didn’t know that needed until they tried. Free trial gives everyone a chance to try and experience the convenience and efficiency Dropbox brings to them. Secondly, Houston built an incentive strategy to stimulate the referral process Users benefit from getting more free storage and Houston get more customers. The referral hierarchy and accelerate the promotion of Dropbox. The quick expand of user create more chance that users will bring Dropbox to their workplace. After that, Dropbox holding a large share of the consumer cloud storage market. Internet giants stepped into the market, Houston turned his sight on corporate users. Dropbox termed corporate version â€Å"Dropbox for Business† which including unlimited storage space and administrative control. File sharing and co-working are become more efficiently than before. Finally, Dropbox achieved another success in corporate users whom become the secondary revenue stream weighted 40% of total revenue. 4. What other strategies can you think of that Dropbox could have chosen, instead of  Freemium Pricing? According to news, Dropbox is turning its direction into Big Data analysis. Diversity in product is necessary for Dropbox to develop a new stream of revenue. â€Å"Freemium Pricing† costs too much time and budget on customer cultivating, in exchange, high uncertainty and risk are fatal disadvantage of Dropbox. Alternatively, Dropbox could use penetration pricing strategy. They offer the basic service with lowest price and gain enough consumers to gain the market share. The difference between penetration pricing and Freemium is the cost of customer maintaining is low but they may loss more users when the price raised.

Turabian Style

Turabian Style Modern day language has been revolutionized by the use of Turabian style. From its roots in the Chicago Manual of Style, this guide has become standard use for students and professors today. With a hard slant towards academia, the Turabian style has become one of the most widely used methods of documentation. Perhaps one of the most important features of the Turabian Style is the Turabian manual itself. With its simple, straightforward language and comprehensive research paper guide, the manual is a universal resource for the modern writer. In fact, the Turabian manual guides the student through the entire process of writing, from start to finish. Critically Acclaimed Style Turabian style has also garnered acclaim as one of the best methods of documentation. Every solid academic paper needs sources, and Turabian style has one of the best methods of citation. In fact, the Turabian style has two alternatives for implementing documentation, to better suit the needs of the writer. If you are interested in learning more about Turabian style, you would benefit from purchasing Turabian style software. These computer programs and templates take the guesswork out of conforming to the Turabian method. You can begin learning as you perfectly format your papers, to one of the most widely used styles in academia.